ORGANIZING

KNOW YOUR RIGHTS

In addition to your rights outlined in your collective bargaining agreement, all Union members have inherent legal rights. It is important that you know which rights apply to you. Some of these rights apply to all Union Members, while others apply only to public employees. This page contains an overview of three of your basic legal rights as they apply to disciplinary situations.

Probationary employees may not be entitled to Union Representation during their probationary period for disciplinary actions – check with your agreement.

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YOUR RIGHT TO REPRESENTATION

Everyone wants to have smooth working relationships on the job, but problems sometimes come up in every workplace. A Teamster contract includes a procedure to protect you from being treated unfairly or disciplined without good reason. If you think management may have violated your rights, or you have any questions or problems about work, tell your Shop Steward. The Steward and other local union leaders can answer your questions and help you figure out the best way to solve the problem. For a copy of your “Weingarten Rights” contact the Local Union or see the back of your agent’s business card.

If you are not sure who your Shop Steward is or if your shop doesn’t have one please don’t hesitate to give us a call and we will put you in touch with your Business Agent here at the Local Union. We are available to answer your questions concerning the collective bargaining agreement you are presently working under and to address your problems on the job.

The Local Union office can be reached at the following numbers:
Tacoma: (253) 627-0103
Toll Free: 1-800-683-8934

WEINGARTEN RIGHTS

The Right to Representation

 

Union members are entitled to be accompanied by a Union representative during investigatory interviews. In the NLRB vs. Weingarten, 420 US 251 (1975) case, the U.S. Supreme Court held that, upon request, employees represented by a union have a right to the presence of union representative during “investigatory interviews” conducted by the employer. The rights established in that case are commonly known as “Weingarten” rights.

 

What is an Investigatory Interview?

An investigatory interview occurs when a supervisor questions an employee to obtain information which could be used as a basis for discipline or asks an employee to defend his or her conduct. The test is whether an employee has a “reasonable belief” that discipline could result from what he or she says during the interview. If so, the employee has a right to be accompanied by a union representative.

Weingarten Rules and Employee Rights

  1. The employee must make a clear request for union representation. Unlike the Miranda warnings which police must give before making an arrest, an employer does not have to inform the employee of their right to make this request.
  2. Once the employee requests union representation, the employer has three options:
    1. Grant the request and delay questioning until the union representative arrives and has a chance to consult privately with the employee; or
    2. Deny the request and end the interview immediately; or
    3. Give the employee the choice of (i) having the interview without representation, or (ii) ending the interview.
  3. If the employer denies an employee’s request for representation, the employee may refuse to answer any questions. Continuing to ask questions after denying representation is an unfair labor practice under the Public Employment Relations Commission and National Labor Relations Act.

Rights of Union Representative or Shop Steward

  1. When the union representative or steward arrives, the supervisor must inform the union representative or steward what the interview is about.
  2. The union representative or steward must be allowed to speak privately with employee before the interview begins.
  3. The union representative or steward has the right to speak during the interview. However, the union representative or steward does not have the right to bargain over the purpose of the interview or to obstruct the interview.
  4. The union representative or steward can help the worker by asking that the supervisor to clarify a question.
  5. When the interview ends, the union representative or steward can provide additional information to the supervisor such as extenuating or mitigating circumstance.

If the employer complies with Weingarten Rights, a union representative or steward may not tell an employee not to answer a question or to give false answers. An employee can be disciplined for refusing to answer questions after the employer has complied with a request for union representation.

Weingarten applies to Union members employed in both the public and private sectors.

GARRITY RIGHTS

Public Employees

 

GARRITY: The Fifth Amendment applies to interrogations of public employees.

Public employees have certain constitutional rights that apply in their employment that may not apply to private employees. For example, in Garrity V. New Jersey, 385 U.S. 493 (1967) the Supreme Court held that statements obtained in the course of an investigatory interview under the threat of termination from public employment cannot be used as evidence against the employee in subsequent criminal proceedings. If, however, you refuse to answer questions after you have been assured that your statements cannot be used against you in a subsequent criminal proceeding, the refusal to answer questions thereafter may lead to the imposition of discipline for insubordination. Further, while the statements you make may not be used against you in a subsequent criminal proceeding, they can still form the basis for discipline on the underlying work related charge.

 

To ensure that your Garrity rights are protected you should ask the following questions:

  1. If I refuse to talk, can I be disciplined for the refusal?
  2. Can that discipline include termination from employment?
  3. Are my answers for internal and administrative purposes only and not to be used for criminal prosecution? 

If you are asked to provide a written statement regarding the subject of the interview, the following statement should be included in your report:

“It is my understanding that this report is made for internal administrative purpose only. This report is made by me after being ordered to do so by my supervisor. It is my understanding that refusing to provide this report could result in my being disciplined for insubordination up to and including termination of employment. This report is made pursuant to that order and the potential discipline that could result for failing to provide this report.”